How are runway numbers typically determined?

Runway numbers are typically determined by their compass orientation, which is rounded to the nearest 10 degrees. This method ensures that each runway has a unique identifier that clearly corresponds to its heading, making it easier for pilots and air traffic controllers to communicate. For example, a runway aligned approximately on a 270-degree bearing would be numbered 27. This standardized approach helps avoid confusion in navigation and enhances safety at airfields.

Factors such as geographical location, historical significance, or national aviation regulations do not directly dictate the numbering of runways. The primary focus is on the physical orientation of the runway in relation to magnetic north, capturing where the runway points on a compass.